Jerome H. Powell, the chair of the Federal Reserve, made clear throughout a “60 Minutes” interview aired on Sunday evening that the central financial institution is shifting towards slicing rates of interest as inflation recedes, however that policymakers must see continued progress towards cooler value will increase to make the primary transfer.

Mr. Powell was interviewed on Thursday, after the Fed’s assembly final week however earlier than Friday’s blockbuster jobs report. He reiterated his message that decrease borrowing prices are coming. However he additionally stated that the Fed’s subsequent assembly in March might be too early for policymakers to really feel positive sufficient that inflation is coming underneath management to cut back charges.

“We expect we will be cautious in approaching this resolution simply due to the energy that we’re seeing within the financial system,” Mr. Powell stated through the interview, based mostly on a transcript launched forward of its airing. He added that officers would wish to see a continued moderation in value will increase, even after a number of months of milder readings.

The progress on inflation “doesn’t have to be higher than what we’ve seen, and even nearly as good. It simply must be good,” Mr. Powell stated.

His remarks reaffirm that decrease borrowing prices are possible coming this yr — a change that might make mortgages, automotive loans and bank card debt cheaper for People. Additionally they underscore how significantly better at present’s financial scenario is proving to be than what economists and Fed officers anticipated only a yr in the past.

Many forecasters had predicted that the Fed’s speedy marketing campaign of rate of interest will increase, which pushed borrowing prices from close to zero to a spread of 5.25 to five.5 p.c from March 2022 to July 2023, would sluggish the financial system a lot that it’d even spur a recession. Central bankers themselves — together with Mr. Powell — believed that some financial ache would in all probability be wanted to chill client and enterprise demand sufficient to prod companies to cease elevating costs so shortly.

As an alternative, employers are hiring quickly, unemployment is hovering at a traditionally low 3.7 p.c, and wage good points have lastly eclipsed value will increase in current months.

“I used to be being trustworthy in saying that we thought there could be ache,” Mr. Powell stated within the interview aired Sunday. “And we thought that the ache would possible come, because it has in so many previous cycles, within the type of increased unemployment. That hasn’t occurred.”

Nonetheless, elevated costs for a lot of merchandise — together with groceries — have mixed with costly borrowing prices and excessive housing costs to erode financial confidence. Mr. Powell acknowledged that unhappiness in his interview.

“I believe folks have been affected person and have been by way of a fairly tough time,” he stated. “And I believe now we’re coming by way of that point and beginning to really feel somewhat bit higher about issues. Mortgages charges have come down in anticipation, come down a bit in anticipation of decrease charges.”

Mr. Powell was clear that the central financial institution’s coverage choices wouldn’t be affected by the presidential election later this yr.

The Fed is at occasions a political speaking level. Former President Donald J. Trump, who’s working for re-election, has already begun to criticize the central bank, and Mr. Powell particularly, on the marketing campaign path. However the Fed is insulated from the White Home and is supposed to set coverage free from political affect. Its officers vigorously shield that degree of independence, given the unpopular choices they need to generally make to chill the financial system and ward towards inflation.

Mr. Powell reiterated his dedication to that freedom from political affect within the interview.

“Integrity is priceless, and on the finish, that’s all you have got,” he stated. “We plan on protecting ours.”